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 1. Name and describe the main functions of the endocrine system.

 2. Describe the role of the endocrine system in modulating body conditions and functions through negative feedback systems.

 3. Compare the nervous and endocrine systems with respect to speed of action, area of influence, and duration of effects.

 4. Explain that the effectiveness of a hormone depends upon many factors and therefore is difficult to measure.

 5. For each of the following hormones, describe its overall effects and the effects of aging on the hormone's ability to perform its roles: growth hormone (GH), melatonin, thymosin, aldosterone, testosterone (in males), estrogen and progesterone (in females).

 6. Explain that the effectiveness of several hormones does not change substantially with aging.

 7. Name and describe two main temporary effects and three main permanent effects from hormone changes resulting from menopause.

 8. Describe beneficial and harmful effects from estrogen replacement therapy (ERT).

 9. Describe the role of insulin and the effects of aging on its effectiveness.

10. For diabetes mellitus among the elderly, name three contributing factors and five harmful effects and describe real life practical consequences from the harmful effects.
 
11. Name and describe the three common signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus.

12. Name and describe methods for reducing the incidence and severity of problems from diabetes mellitus among the elderly.

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