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 CHAPTER 1 - Introduction

For the most recent statistics, go to the the U.S. Census Bureau web pages at  https://www.census.gov/topics/population/age-and-sex/data/tables.All.html and at https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popproj/dataPPD/tables.html .Also see the Administration for Community Living's "Profile of Older Americans" at  https://www.acl.gov/aging-and-disability-in-america/data-and-research/profile-older-americans.

US Census Bureau 2020 census information is at US Census Bureau Reports - 2020 and 2017 .

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Go to https://www.biologyofhumanaging.com/activit.htm#Life Expectancy:Assignment  for activities related to determining life expectancy for an individual.

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The BLSA started in 1958. At first it had only a few hundred male subjects, most of whom were at or beyond middle age. It now includes more than 700 volunteer subjects, both female and male, ranging in age from the twenties through age 90. Subjects receive a thorough evaluation, including numerous biological and psychological characteristics, every two to three years https://www.blsa.nih.gov/about. Other longitudinal studies include the NCHS Longitudinal Studies of Aging  https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/lsoa/index.htm , the NHLBI Framingham Heart Study (https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/research/resources/obesity/population/framingham.htm), the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging https://www.clsa-elcv.ca/), and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (https://www.elsa-project.ac.uk//).

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Information about anti-aging, including recent theories and research findings on possible methods that can prevent, slow, or reverse aging can be found using search engines. Examples of sites include https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4132295/,  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167779917301713, and at the American Federation of Aging Research site "Theories and Effects of Aging" (https://www.afar.org/docs/migrated/111121_INFOAGING_GUIDE_THEORIES_OF_AGINGFR.pdf) and "Why Do You Age?" (https://www.verywell.com/why-we-age-theories-and-effects-of-aging-2223922).

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For an assignment and information on biomarkers of aging, go to https://www.biologyofhumanaging.com/PPDPPD/readwrt.htm#Biomarkers%20of . Other sites with relevant information include

https://www.afar.org/infoaging/biology-of-aging/biomarkers-of-aging/ ,
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5938178/ - "Biomarkers Related to Aging in Human Populations"

https://sageke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/2005/26/nf48 ,

https://sageke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/2004/44/pe40 , and

https://www.hbhealth.com/bioagetesting.html

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Research findings about genes that affect aging include the following.

"Aging Genetics and Aging" - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3295054/__sec3title

"Human longevity: Genetics or Lifestyle? It takes two to tango" - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4822264/

"A Position Paper on Longevity Genes" https://www-personal.umich.edu/~millerr/Genes4Aging.htm
"Is Aging Genetic or Is It Wear and Tear?" -  https://www.senescence.info/genetics_of_aging.html
"The transcriptional landscape of age in human peripheral blood" - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4639797/pdf/ or https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/23993601/4639797.pdf?sequence=1

"What Is the Genetic Theory of Aging?" - https://www.verywell.com/the-genetic-theory-of-aging-2224222
 

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For recent data on life expectancies in the US, go to the NCHS Life Expectancy web page (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/life-expectancy.htm ) .
 

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For graphs and statistics on life expectancies in the US, go to https://www.biologyofhumanaging.com/plan22.htm#graphs .
 

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For a student activity, information, and discussions concerning potential benefits and drawbacks from altering life expectancies, go to https://www.biologyofhumanaging.com/plan22.htm  .
For a relevant Reading/Writing assignment, go to https://www.biologyofhumanaging.com/PPDPPD/readwrt.htm#The Future and Gerontology  

 

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Examples of different perspectives on factors determining quality of life may be found in the following web pages.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_life
https://www.cdc.gov/hrqol/methods.htm

https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/health-related-quality-of-life-well-being

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As a student activity and discussion, ask each student to write a list of factors that make his or her quality of life good this time in life. Have the students read their lists in class or tabulate their lists and distribute them. Discuss similarities and differences among the lists. Then, have each student write a list of  that he or she believes would make his or her quality of life good at age 65 or at age 85.