Some of these figures and pages may be copyright protected. I take no responsibility for matters related to copyright laws and regulations. Use these at your own discretion.

Augustine DiGiovanna, Ph.D.

 

Many useful images and videos that are at MedLine Plus at https://medlineplus.gov/ . See https://medlineplus.gov/about/using/usingcontent/ for rules on copyrights.

 

Many useful images and videos that are at Wikimedia Commons at

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page (“Wikimedia Commons - a collection of 63,394,994 freely usable media files to which anyone can contribute”)

 

 

Fig. 5.1 The respiratory system and associated structures.

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Blausen_0770_RespiratorySystem_02.png

 

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0770_RespiratorySystem_02.png

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/2301_Major_Respiratory_Organs.jpg

 

https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/retrieve.cfm?imageid=1774&dpi=300&fileformat=jpg

 

https://visuals.nci.nih.gov/images/1773-preview.jpg

 

https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/images/1774-preview.jpg

 

 

Fig. 5.2 Inspiration.

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Floating_ribs_lateral.png

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/2316_Inspiration_and_Expiration.jpg

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Inhalation_and_Exhalation_Diagram.jpg

 

https://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/image/0007/138553/McConnell-RMT-Elsevier.jpg

 

“Breathing”

https://www.dkfindout.com/uk/human-body/lungs-and-breathing/breathing/

 

https://res.cloudinary.com/dk-find-out/image/upload/q_80,w_960,f_auto/breathing_in_lojov2.jpg

 

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/anatomyvideos/000018.htm

 

“Chapter 22: Respiratory System (#2)” – (Slides 4, 7, 10, 16)

https://www.slideshare.net/carolinetokarski1/chapter-22-respiratory-system-2

 

Videos

 

“How We Breathe”  - (first 2:20 of the video)

https://craighospital.org/resources/how-we-breathe

 

Ribs moving

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zinhSpnisqk

 

Ribs moving

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9kqb-YYcIE

 

 

Fig. 5.3 Passive expiration: (a) Elastic recoil collapses chest partially, causing

expiration. (b) Elastic recoil collapses balloon, forcing air out.

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Open_Hand_pointing_upwards.svg/512px-Open_Hand_pointing_upwards.svg.png

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Hand_pointing_upwards.svg

 

https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2014/03/25/15/26/hands-296850_960_720.png

https://pixabay.com/vectors/hands-two-open-silhouette-welcome-296850/

Pixabay

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https://pixabay.com/service/license/

 

https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2020/11/27/22/01/hands-5783064_960_720.png

https://pixabay.com/vectors/hands-caring-love-mercy-silhouette-5783064/

 

https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2012/04/05/01/17/hand-25593_960_720.png

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Floating_ribs_lateral.png

 

“Chapter 22: Respiratory System (#2)” – (Slides 4, 7, 17)

https://www.slideshare.net/carolinetokarski1/chapter-22-respiratory-system-2

 

 

Fig. 5.4 Forced expiration: (a) Muscle contractions and elastic recoil collapse chest

partially, causing rapid expiration. (b) Pressure from hands and elastic recoil collapse

balloon, forcing air out rapidly.

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Floating_ribs_lateral.png

 

“Chapter 22: Respiratory System (#2)” – (Slides 4, 7, 22)

https://www.slideshare.net/carolinetokarski1/chapter-22-respiratory-system-2

 

https://slideplayer.com/slide/10562955/36/images/15/Maximal+%28Forced%29+Expiration.jpg

 

https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapter22respiratorysystem2mechanicsofventilation-150223173350-conversion-gate02/95/chapter-22-respiratory-system-2-22-638.jpg?cb=1424712985

 

 

Fig. 5.5 Respiratory passages in the head and neck.

 

Videos:

https://blausen.com/en/video/overview-of-the-respiratory-tract/

https://blausen.com/en/video/nasal-cavity/

https://blausen.com/en/video/the-pharynx/

https://blausen.com/en/video/the-trachea/

https://blausen.com/en/topic/respiratory/

 

https://live.staticflickr.com/779/20194771564_cd6de6422e_b.jpg

https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14594049867/

https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/20630591289/in/photolist-xr4b2P-otdfVR-ouitBb-x1kNkk-ouxvai-oybNGH-oveENF-xFeRy7-oeYneg-ou3pK2-ocy1hW-xrmscb-sMdAN8-oy4KWX-owpHCx-oeXAZp-oeYqdn-ouhWx7-odFm51-oeFgmB-ovhciU-odm74n-oewUtw-dwJVkm-oy1vqt-oweWub-wLxu1C-ymsYLU-oeRzCu-oudRBJ-oeSmxN-xSKtLo-xcZnqg-oePbyM-owfAN7-owoPxt-owrudQ-oeS3HF-xJ4MQr-od9rKm-osDJSJ-owiSFK-ot42ru-oeTBoj-oeLBuW-x1wZz9-sM1AHT-oeX2vF-ou8eKJ-r72fMY

“Cunningham’s Test-book of Anatomy” (1914) by Internet Archive Book images, Page 1157

No known copyright restrictions

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/2301_Major_Respiratory_Organs.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2301_Major_Respiratory_Organs.jpg

 

Description     Illustration from Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013.

Source            Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013.

Author            OpenStax College

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https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14579137708/

Internet Archive Book Images

Image from page 21 of "A text-book of diseases of the nose and throat" (1907)

 

Authors: Kyle, D. Braden (David Braden), 1863-1916

Publisher: Philadelphia, London, W. B. Saunders Company

Contributing Library: The Library of Congress

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https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2Fd%2Fd4%2FIllu01_head_neck.jpg%2F280px-Illu01_head_neck.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikiwand.com%2Fen%2FNasal_cavity&tbnid=SrmT6awAlADgUM&vet=10CPEBEDMozwFqFwoTCIjV9pb-mO8CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAC..i&docid=kI7l7VVAcLpRmM&w=280&h=284&safe=images&ved=0CPEBEDMozwFqFwoTCIjV9pb-mO8CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAC

 

https://live.staticflickr.com/779/20194771564_cd6de6422e_b.jpg

https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/20630591289/in/photolist-xr4b2P-otdfVR-ouitBb-x1kNkk-ouxvai-oybNGH-oveENF-xFeRy7-oeYneg-ou3pK2-ocy1hW-xrmscb-sMdAN8-oy4KWX-owpHCx-oeXAZp-oeYqdn-ouhWx7-odFm51-oeFgmB-ovhciU-odm74n-oewUtw-dwJVkm-oy1vqt-oweWub-wLxu1C-ymsYLU-oeRzCu-oudRBJ-oeSmxN-xSKtLo-xcZnqg-oePbyM-owfAN7-owoPxt-owrudQ-oeS3HF-xJ4MQr-od9rKm-osDJSJ-owiSFK-ot42ru-oeTBoj-oeLBuW-x1wZz9-sM1AHT-oeX2vF-ou8eKJ-r72fMY

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/E%26S_1911_C-S_key_III.png/1137px-E%26S_1911_C-S_key_III.png

 

 

Fig. 5.6 The swallowing reflex: (a) tongue pushes food back. (b) soft palate

Elevates and epiglottis lowers to close airways. (c) muscle contractions push food into

Esophagus. (d) wave of contraction pushes food down to stomach.

 

Https://Upload.Wikimedia.Org/Wikipedia/Commons/9/97/Swallow_Food.Png

 

Videos

 

“Swallowing”

 

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/anatomyvideos/000126.htm

 

“Peristalsis” (First 30 seconds)

 

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/anatomyvideos/000097.htm

 

 

Fig. 5.7 Lower Airways And Alveoli.

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Human_respiratory_system-NIH.PNG

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Respiratory_System_%28Illustration%29.png

 

https://visuals.nci.nih.gov/images/1773-preview.jpg

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Bronchial_anatomy.jpg

 

https://i2.wp.com/radiologykey.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/C2-FF1.gif?w=960

 

Videos

 

“Gas exchange”

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/anatomyvideos/000059.htm

 

 

Fig. 5.8 Effects Of Aging On Alveoli: (A) Young Alveoli. (B) Old Alveoli.

 

(a) Young alveoli

https://live.staticflickr.com/575/20111658724_49c90f1e4b_c.jpg

 

(b) Old alveoli - (To be added later)

 

 

Fig. 5.9 Age changes in respiratory volumes

 

 

Fig. 5.10 Pulmonary circulation and perfusion of the lungs.

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Cross_section_of_an_alveolus_and_capillaries_showing_diffusion_of_gases_-_it.svg/1280px-Cross_section_of_an_alveolus_and_capillaries_showing_diffusion_of_gases_-_it.svg.png

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/2119_Pulmonary_Circuit.jpg/320px-2119_Pulmonary_Circuit.jpg

 

https://live.staticflickr.com/5576/14581630319_f349abe10e_c.jpg

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Pulmonary_Blood_Circulation_ku.png/640px-Pulmonary_Blood_Circulation_ku.png

 

See the left side for normal alveolar structure

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/The-normal-alveolus-Left-Hand-Side-and-the-injured-alveolus-in-the-acute.jpg

 

Alveolar membrane components

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Alveolar_wall.jpg

 

Videos

 

“The Heart and Circulatory System - How They Work”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWFyxn0qDEU

 

Videos for review

 

“The Lungs and the Pulmonary Circuit”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSskr1IkeW8

 

 

©  Copyright 2020: Augustine G. DiGiovanna, Ph.D., Salisbury University, Maryland
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