Fig. 2.21 Cell life cycle leading to cell reproduction (a) Life cycle (b) Reproduction by mitosis. (Sources of images below. Used with permission.)

 



Animation:
 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhgRhXl7w_g

 

https://gfycat.com/acrobaticmeaslyamericanblackvulture-chromosomes-cytokinesis-metaphase

 

Video:

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitosis#/media/File:Mitosis_Mesenchymal_Stem_Cells.gif

 

 

Copyright 2020: Augustine G. DiGiovanna, Ph.D., Salisbury University, Maryland

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Sources of image below. Used with permission.

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Cell_Cycle_2-2.svg/587px-Cell_Cycle_2-2.svg.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cell_Cycle_2-2.svg

Description   English: By Richard Wheeler (Zephyris) 2006. Schematic representation of the cell cycle. Cytokinesis forms rapidly in the process of the cell cycle.

Date                 25 January 2011, 01:43 (UTC)

·         Source      Cell_Cycle_2.svg

·         derivative work: Histidine (talk)

This is a retouched picture, which means that it has been digitally altered from its original version. Modifications: changed to better represent duration of cell cycle phases. The original can be viewed here: Cell Cycle 2.svg. Modifications made by Histidine.

Original figure:

Description   English: The four phases of the cell cycle. G1 - the intitial growth phase. S - the phase in which DNA is synthesised. G2 - the second growth phase in preparation for cell division. M - mitosis; where the cell divides to produce two daughter cells that continue the cell cycle.

Date                 14 August 2013, 13:25:17

Source            Own work

Author            Simon Caulton

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Mitosis_Stages.svg/800px-Mitosis_Stages.svg.png

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mitosis_Stages.svg

Description   English: A diagram of mitosis stages
Interphase (G₂): In this substage, the cell prepares for nuclear division and a protein that makes microtubles for cell division is synthesized.
Prophase: The longest stage of mitosis. In this stage the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
Prometaphase: The nuclear envelope disintegrates and microtubules can attach to kinetochores. Chromosomes congress toward the metaphase plate of the cell.
Metaphase: In this stage the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and become connected to the spindle fiber at their centromere.
Anaphase: In this stage the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are pulled apart.
Telophase & cytokinesis: Chromosomes decondense and are surrounded by a newly formed nuclear envelope. Cytokinesis typically coincides with and telophase.

Date                 26 June 2016

Source Own work; Used information from: Campbell Biology (10th Edition) by: Jane B. Reece & Steven A. Wasserman.

and Nature.com.

Author            Ali Zifan

 

 

Animations
 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhgRhXl7w_g

 

https://gfycat.com/acrobaticmeaslyamericanblackvulture-chromosomes-cytokinesis-metaphase

 

Video

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitosis#/media/File:Mitosis_Mesenchymal_Stem_Cells.gif